Which of the following sugars is often linked to increased dental caries?

The correct answer is sucrose, as this sugar is well-known for its role in the development of dental caries, or tooth decay. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose, and it is commonly found in many foods and beverages, particularly those that are sweetened. When sucrose is consumed, it interacts with the bacteria found in dental plaque, leading to the production of acids that can demineralize tooth enamel. This process can result in cavities over time if oral hygiene practices are not adequately maintained.

In contrast to sucrose, lactose, which is found in milk, is not as strongly associated with dental caries. In fact, lactose is often less cariogenic because of its unique composition and the buffering effect of milk. Xylitol is a sugar alcohol that can actually help reduce the risk of dental caries by inhibiting the growth of decay-causing bacteria. Agave nectar, although it contains fructose, is also less commonly linked to dental caries compared to sucrose due to its lower potential to promote acid production in the mouth. Therefore, understanding the role of sucrose in relation to dental health is crucial for effective dietary choices and maintaining good oral hygiene.